This discipline is based on the study of ancient charcoal found mainly in archaeological contexts (archaeo-anthracology).
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The transformation or adaptation of the environment by human activity.
Study of the remains of animal bones in order to clarify the relationships between human groups and the fauna (wild or domestic) that they exploited.
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Observation of soil layers, landscape morphology and laboratory analysis of soil samples.
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A geological period encompassing the current interglacial period and following the last ice age (around 12,000 years ago to the present day, i.e. since the Mesolithic Period).
Study of the pollen grains of plants preserved in the fill of archaeological sites or, more often, in humid contexts outside archaeological sites, such as lakes, peat bogs and riverbanks.
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Refers to ancient environments, whether historical or prehistoric.
Refers to the temperature, humidity and aeration conditions of a soil that affect the plants and animals that live there.
A geological period during which human communities lived through major ice ages (approximately 2.5 million years ago to 12,000 years ago). It broadly covers the Palaeolithic Period.
An archaeological period that refers to civilisations which did not yet use writing, but which are mentioned in the writings of other contemporaneous civilisations. In our case, this refers to the Bronze age et Iron age.
A level of classification for plants and animals. For example, modern humans belong to the species Homo sapiens, the genus Homo and the family Hominidae. Each of these levels of classification is a taxon.